Impamvu zitera gucika kw'ibibumbano by'impeta ziragoye cyane kandi zigomba gusesengurwa mu buryo burambuye; icyakora, zishobora gusobanurwa muri izi mpamvu zikurikira:
1. Biterwa n'ibikoresho by'impeta n'ubwiza bw'ikintu kidafite ishingiro
1)Ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri die y'impeta ni imwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi. Muri iki gihe, die y'impeta zo mu Bushinwa zikoresha cyane cyane 4Cr13 na 20CrMnTid, zihamye. Ariko, hari abakora ibikoresho bitandukanye. Ku bikoresho bimwe, hazabaho itandukaniro mu bintu by'ingenzi, bizagira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'ifi y'impeta.
2)Uburyo bwo gucura. Iyi ni ingenzi mu gukora ibumba. Ku bikoresho by'icyuma bifite ibikoresho byinshi, hari ibisabwa ku miterere ya metallographic nko gukwirakwiza karubide mu bikoresho. Ingano y'ubushyuhe bwo gucura igomba kandi kugenzurwa neza, hagashyirwaho uburyo bwo gushyushya neza, hagakoreshwa uburyo bwo gucura neza, kandi hagakonjeshwa buhoro cyangwa hagakorwa ku gihe nyuma yo gucura. Uburyo budasanzwe bushobora gutuma habaho imiyoboro mu gice cy'inyuma cy'ibumba.
3)Kwitegura gutunganya ubushyuhe. Bitewe n'ibikoresho n'ibikenewe ku ibumba, inzira zo gutegura gutunganya ubushyuhe nko gufunga no kuzimya no gushyushya zikoreshwa mu kunoza imiterere, gukuraho inenge mu miterere y'icyuma cyo gushushanya n'aho cyangiritse, no kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya. Uburyo bwo gutegura bushyuhe bukwiye bw'icyuma cyo gushushanya gifite karubone nyinshi bushobora gukuraho karubone, gusya no kunoza karubone, no guteza imbere ikwirakwizwa rya karubone imwe. Ibi bizafasha kwemeza ireme ryo kuzimya no gushyushya no kongera igihe cy'ibumba.
2. Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa "ring die"
1)kuzimya no gushyushya. Iyi ni ingenzi mu kuvura ubushyuhe bw'ibihumyo. Iyo ubushyuhe bukabije bubayeho mu gihe cyo kuzimya no gushyushya, ntibizatera gusa ububobere bwinshi bw'igikoresho, ahubwo bizanatera no kwangirika no gucikagurika mu gihe cyo gukonjesha, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw'ibihumyo. Ibipimo by'uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bigomba kugenzurwa neza kandi hagakoreshwa uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe buva mu cyuma. Kuzimya bigomba gukorwa mu gihe nyuma yo kuzimya, kandi hagakoreshwa uburyo butandukanye bwo kuzimya hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu rwego rwa tekiniki.
2)gukurura stress annealing. Ifumbire igomba gushyirwaho stress annealing nyuma yo gucukura nabi kugira ngo ikureho stress imbere iterwa no gucukura nabi kugira ngo hirindwe stress nyinshi iterwa no kuzimya. Ku ifumbire zikenewe cyane, ifumbire igabanya stress irakenewe nyuma yo gusya, ibi bikaba ari ingirakamaro mu gutuma ifumbire ikomeza gukora neza no kongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha.
3. Igipimo cyo gufungura cy'ibumba ry'impeta
1)Iyo igipimo cyo gufungura cy’impeta kiri hejuru cyane, amahirwe yo gucika kw’impeta aziyongera. Buri ruganda rukora imbunda z’impeta ruzagira itandukaniro rinini bitewe n’urwego n’imikorere bitandukanye byo gutunganya ubushyuhe. Muri rusange, ibicuruzwa by’ikigo cyacu bishobora kongera igipimo cyo gufungura ho 2-6% hashingiwe ku bibumbano byo mu rugo byo mu rwego rwa mbere, kandi bishobora gutuma imbunda z’impeta zikora neza.
4. Kwambara impeta
1)Iyo impeta y'umugozi yambawe ku bunini runaka kandi imbaraga zikagabanuka kugeza aho idashobora kwihanganira igitutu cya granulation, hazabaho guturika. Ni byiza ko impeta y'umugozi isimburwa mu gihe impeta y'umugozi yambawe kugeza aho imiyoboro y'umugozi ifunguye.
5. Gukoresha agakoresho k'impeta
1)Mu gihe cyo gushyiramo icyuma gifunganye ku mpande, ingano y'ibikoresho byinjira ntishobora kwemererwa gukora ku mutwaro 100% kubera ko icyuma gifunganye cyane ku mpande ubwacyo. Iyo mikorere y'igihe kirekire kandi ikomeye izatuma icyuma gifunganye ku mpande. Turakugira inama yo kugenzura umutwaro ku kigero cya 75-85% kugira ngo icyuma gifunganye kibeho.
2)Iyo agakoresho k'impeta n'agakoresho k'umuvuduko bikandagiwe cyane, bishobora guturika byoroshye. Muri rusange, bisaba ko intera iri hagati y'agakoresho k'impeta n'agakoresho k'umuvuduko igomba kugenzurwa hagati ya mm 0.1-0.4.
6. Ibikoresho bitandukanye
1) Gucikagurika bikunze kubaho iyo ibintu bikomeye nk'ibyuma bigaragaye mu bikoresho byangiritse.
7. Ibibazo byo gushyiraho icyuma gifunga imigozi n'ibibazo byo gushyiramo icyuma gifunga imigozi
1) Indabyo y'impeta ntabwo ishyirwa neza kandi hari icyuho hagati yayo n'icyuma giteranya uduce. Indabyo y'impeta ishobora no kwangirika mu gihe cyo guteranya uduce.
2) Nyuma yo gukoresha ubushyuhe, ifumbire y'impeta izahinduka cyane. Iyo idakosowe, ifumbire y'impeta izacikagurika mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha.
3) Iyo granulator ubwayo ifite inenge, nk'aho umugozi mukuru wa granulator unyeganyega, n'ibindi.
Amakuru yo guhamagara ku bufasha bwa tekiniki:
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E-mail：hongyangringdie@outlook.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Mutarama 2024
