Uruganda rutunganya ibiryo by'ingurube rwa Slovakia rwageze ku bwiza buhoraho bwa pellet hamwe na Hongyang Ring Die Pellet Mill

Inyuma

Urwego rw'ingurube muri Silovakiya rwanyuze mu bihe bigoye. Nyuma y'icyorezo cy'indwara y'uburenge n'umunwa (FMD) mu gihugu cy'abaturanyi cya Hongiriya muri Werurwe 2025 - cyateje inzitizi zo gutwara amatungo n'ihungabana ry'isoko mu karere kose - abahinzi ba Silovakiya bahuye n'ibibazo by'imikorere n'ubukungu. Kugeza muri Gashyantare 2026, Ishami ry'Ubwongereza rishinzwe ibidukikije, ibiribwa n'ibyaro (Defra) ryemeye ku mugaragaro ko Silovakiya idafite FMD, rikuraho amategeko yo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kandi rigaragaza ko ingurube zigera ku 412.000 zo muri icyo gihugu zisubira mu buzima busanzwe (Eurostat, Ukuboza 2024).

Muri iki gihe, ikigo cy’ubugari gihuriweho mu burengerazuba bwa Silovakiya - gikoresha ingurube 2.800 mu buryo bwo kuva mu ishyamba kugeza ku iherezo, kigakora ingurube zigera ku 65.000 zibagwa buri mwaka - cyafashe icyemezo cy’ingenzi: aho kugarura ubushobozi bwazo mbere y’icyorezo, bazavugurura ibikorwa remezo byabo byo gusya ibiryo by’amatungo mu mirima kugira ngo bihuze n’amahame meza agenga umutekano w’ibiryo no kunoza ubwiza bw’ibiryo by’amatungo.

Ubu buryo bwari bushingiye ku ruganda rw’imashini zikora pellet rumaze imyaka 10 rukora pellet ruturutse ku nganda z’i Burayi. Nubwo ibikoresho byashaje byagaragaye ko bidashobora kugabanuka mu buryo bugaragara (PDI ihindagurika hagati ya 90-93%), kwangirika kw’ingufu mu gihe cy’igihe kirekire cyo gukora, ndetse n’izamuka ry’ibiciro byo kubungabunga ibikoresho kuko ibikoresho bisigaye byarushijeho kugorana kubishakira.

Imbogamizi

Imirimo yo gusya ibiryo by'umukiriya yahuye n'ibibazo bine bifitanye isano:

1. Ubudasa bw'ubwiza bw'ibiceri.Igipimo cy’ubudahangarwa bw’ibishyimbo (PDI) - igipimo cy’ubudahangarwa bw’ibishyimbo mu gihe cyo kubitwara no kubitwara, cyakozwe na Kaminuza ya Leta ya Kansas - cyari ku kigero cya 91.5% mu byiciro by’umusaruro. Ibipimo ngenderwaho by’inganda ku biryo by’ingurube by’ubucuruzi byibanda ku - ¥95% bya PDI kugira ngo bigabanye amande, bigabanye gusesagura ibiryo, kandi bikomeze kumera neza. Icyuho cya 3.5% cyavuyemo amande agera kuri 7-8%, bisaba kongera gutunganya ibiryo byatwaye ingufu n’umurimo bidatanga ibiryo bishobora kugurishwa.

2. Kwangirika kw'umusaruro.Iteraniro ry’ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa die na roller ryari rimaze igihe kinini ryagaragaje ko umusaruro wagabanukaga buhoro buhoro: umusaruro watangiraga kuri toni 9 ku isaha ariko ukagabanuka ukagera kuri toni 7.5-8 ku isaha nyuma y’amasaha 800-1.000 yo gukora, bikaba ngombwa ko habaho gusimbuza die buri masaha 2.000. Uku kudahuzagurika kwatumye gahunda y’umusaruro idashoboka mu gihe cy’ubusabe bwinshi.

3. Igitutu cyo kubahiriza amategeko agenga EU.Amabwiriza (EC) No 183/2005 - Amabwiriza y’Isuku y’Ibiryo by’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi - ategeka ko ibikoresho bikorerwa ibiryo byagenewe "kugabanya ibyago byo gukora amakosa no kwirinda kwanduzwa, kwanduzwa n’ingaruka mbi muri rusange ku mutekano n’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa" (Umugereka wa II). Uburyo imashini isanzwe ikoresha icyuma gishyushya n’icyuma gishyushya n’icyuma gikoresha umwuka byatumye bigorana kubika inyandiko zijyanye n’ubushyuhe bwa HACCP, impungenge zikomeje kwiyongera kuko abaganga b’amatungo bo muri Slovakia bongereye inshuro zo kugenzura nyuma ya FMD.

4. Ihangana ry'ibiciro.Kubera ko ibiryo by’ingurube bingana na 60-70% by’ibiciro byose byo gukora ingurube, kandi ibiciro by’ingurube zo muri Silovakiya biri munsi y’igitutu kiva ku itumizwa mu mahanga rihendutse (FirstFarms yatangaje ko ibiciro by’ingurube zo kubaga byagabanutse kuva kuri 15.20 DKK/kg mu 2024 kugeza kuri 13.40 DKK/kg mu 2025), buri ngano y’ibiryo byo kurya no kugabanya imyanda byagize ingaruka ku nyungu z’ubuhinzi.

Igisubizo cya Hongyang

Nyuma yo gusuzuma abatanga ibikoresho batatu - harimo n'isosiyete y'i Burayi ya OEM n'inganda zo muri Turukiya - umukiriya yahisemo uruganda rwa Hongyang Feed Machinery rwa SZLH420 ring die pellet mill, rumaze gushyirwaho muri Kanama 2025. Ibipimo byo guhitamo byashyize imbere ibintu bitatu: ubwiza bw'inyubako bwagaragaye ku giciro cyiza, amakuru y'imikorere yanditswe yavuye mu bikoresho bisa, n'ubufasha bwa tekiniki bwo gusubiza imbere yo kugurisha - harimo isesengura rirambuye ry'umwuka uvanze n'ingano y'umukiriya.

Imiterere y'ibikoresho

Ibintu by'ingenzi mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya tekiniki

Kohereza ubutumwa butaziguye bukoresha ibikoresho.Bitandukanye n'imiterere ikoreshwa n'imikandara isanzwe mu nganda zishaje, SZLH420 ikoresha sisitemu ikoresha helical gear direct-drive ifite imigozi ya pinion ya karuboni kandi ikazimwa. Ibi bikuraho igihombo cyo gucika kw'imikandara (ubusanzwe 3-5% muri sisitemu ikoreshwa n'imikandara), bigatanga torque ihoraho ku mukandara mu gihe cy'imizigo ihindagurika. Ku mukiriya, ibi byahinduwe uburyo bwo gutanga ingufu zidahindagurika hatitawe ku cyiciro cyo kwangirika kw'imikandara - iterambere rigaragara ugereranyije n'iyakoreshejwe n'imikandara.

Igikoresho cyo mu cyuma kitagira umuvuduko gifite inshinge z'umwuka zifatana.Icyumba cyo kugorora ibintu kidafunze neza, hamwe n'icyuma gishyushya umwuka, byongereye igihe cyo kugorora ibintu neza kugeza ku masegonda 45-60 kuri 80-85°C. Ibi byatumye habaho igipimo cya gelatinization ya starch cya 35-40% ku mvange y'ibigori-ingano-ingano - bihagije kugira ngo inoze uburyo bwo gufatanya ibinyampeke bidasaba ibindi bifunga. Sisitemu yo kugenzura umwuka ifunganye, ihujwe na PLC y'uruganda, yagumanye ubushyuhe bwo kugorora ibintu muri ± 1.5°C, bituma umukiriya ashobora gukora inyandiko zihoraho zo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwa HACCP kuri buri cyiciro.

Imashini ihindura imiterere y'amajwi ifite imiterere irwanya uruziga.Igikoresho cyo kohereza ibintu mu buryo bwa "variable-pitch screw" gifite uburyo bwo kugenzura umuvuduko wa electromagnetic cyakuyeho uburyo bwo kohereza ibintu mu buryo bwa "virtual cloth" bwajyaga butuma icyuma gikoresha "amperage" kidakora neza, bigatuma moteri irushaho kuzamuka cyane. Hamwe n'uburyo bwo kohereza ibintu mu buryo bwa "anti-bridging hopper", icyo gikoresho cyo kohereza ibintu mu buryo bwa "virtual" cyagaragazaga ko ibikoresho bikwirakwira ku kintu kimwe, bigira uruhare mu kunoza PDI.

Impeta y'icyuma cya Alloy ifite igipimo cyo gukanda neza.Itsinda rya tekiniki rya Hongyang ryasesenguye uburyo bwihariye bw'ibiryo by'umukiriya - ibigori 42%, ingano 22%, sayiri 15%, ifu ya soya 16%, imyunyu ngugu 5%, hamwe na 13.5% by'ubushyuhe bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru - kandi ryatanze inama yo gukoresha 1:10. Ifu y'icyuma cya alloy, yatunganyijwe binyuze mu bushyuhe bwa vacuum kugeza ku bukomere bw'ubuso bwa HRC 58-62, yagenewe kugumana imiterere y'imyobo mu masaha arenga 2,500 yo gukora.

Ibisubizo

Amakuru y’imikorere yakurikiranywe mu gihe cy’iminsi 120 yo gusuzuma (Nzeri - Ukuboza 2025), akubiyemo amasaha agera ku 1.100 yo gukora na toni 11.500 z’ibiryo by’inyongera byakozwe.

Kugereranya Imikorere y'Umusaruro

Isesengura ry'Ubwiza bwa Pellet

Izamuka rya PDI kuva kuri 91.5% kugeza kuri 95.2% - ryapimwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa KSU tumble box - ryagize ingaruka ku buryo buvanze mu gikorwa cyose. Inyungu z'amande zagabanutseho 20.5%, bigabanya umutwaro wo kongera gutunganya ku bice byo gusya no kuvanga. Gutakaza ibiryo mu gihe cyo gutwara ibintu hakoreshejwe umwuka no kohereza ascenseur mu ndobo byagabanutse ku buryo bungana: igenzura ryakozwe mbere yo gushyiraho ryagaragaje igihombo cya 2.8% mu gihe cyo gutwara ibikoresho mu nganda; nyuma yo gushyiraho, ibi byagabanutseho 1.9%.

Ikindi cyari ingenzi ni uko PDI yari imeze. Mu gihe cy’uruganda rwabanje, PDI yagaragaje ihindagurika rya 2.8 ku ijana mu musaruro wose. SZLH420 yagabanyije ibi bigera kuri 1.1 ku ijana - bivuze ko igikorwa gishobora gukora pellets zujuje ibisabwa na "95% bya PDI aho kugira ngo rimwe na rimwe zigwe nabi."

Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi 183/2005

Ubuso bw'icyuma kitagira umugese cya SZLH420, icyumba gifunze neza, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bw'umwuka bushingiye kuri PLC byujuje ibisabwa mu isuku y'ibikoresho nk'uko biteganywa n'Umugereka wa II w'Itegeko Nshinga (EC) No 183/2005. Mu igenzura risanzwe rya SVPS (Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe ubuvuzi bw'amatungo n'ibiribwa muri Repubulika ya Slovakia) mu Gushyingo 2025, igice cy'uruganda rw'ibiryo cyatsinze nta suzuma - igenzura rya mbere ry'isuku kuva uruganda rwatangira gukurikiranwa neza nyuma ya FMD.

Ibitekerezo ku bakiliya

Umuyobozi w’uruganda, wakurikiranye umusaruro w’ibiryo by’inganda mu gihe cy’imyaka irenga 15, yatanze isuzuma rikurikira nyuma y’igerageza ry’iminsi 120:

“Icyadushimishije cyane si imibare gusa - ahubwo ni uburyo ikora. Hamwe n’uruganda rwacu rwa kera, nashoboraga guhanura mu cyumweru kimwe igihe umusaruro uzatangira kugabanuka kandi hakaza impinduka. Hamwe n’uruganda rwa Hongyang, dushyiramo gusa uburyo bwo gukora, tugashyiraho ibipimo by’umwuka, kandi birakora. Toni icumi n’igice ku isaha, itsinda ku rindi, hamwe na PDI iguma hejuru ya 95%. Ku ikipe ikora 2.800 z’inkoko kandi igerageza kugenzura ikiguzi cy’ibiryo, ubwo buryo bwo guteganya ibintu bufite agaciro karuta igipimo icyo ari cyo cyose cy’imikorere.”

Inzobere mu mirire y’uwo murima yongeyeho ati:

“Uburyo bwo gushyiramo gelatinization y’ibinyampeke mu buryo bwa “axial steam conditioner” bwatumye tugabanya 30% by’ibikoresho byacu byo mu ifumbire, bizigama hafi €2.10 kuri toni. Amatoni arenga 11.500 buri mwaka, ibyo byonyine bitanga igice cy’ingenzi cy’ishoramari ry’ibikoresho.”

Umwanzuro

Ubunararibonye bw'ikigo cy'ingurube cya Slovakia mu ruganda rwa Hongyang SZLH420 rukora pellet print bugaragaza ko abakora ibiryo by'amatungo bo mu muryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi bashobora kugera ku ngaruka zifatika mu bwiza bwa pellet, mu musaruro uhamye, no mu kubahiriza amategeko binyuze mu kuvugurura ibikoresho byihariye - batiriwe batakaza ikiguzi cy'igiciro cyahoze gifitanye isano n'ibikoresho bya OEM byo mu Burayi bw'Iburengerazuba.

Ingingo eshatu z'ingenzi zivuye muri uru rubanza:

1. Guhuza ibintu bitera imbere mu bukungu.Izamuka rya PDI kuva kuri 91.5% kugeza kuri 95.2% ryagaragaje igabanuka rya 20% mu nyungu z'amande ndetse no kugabanuka gushoboka mu ipfa ry'ibiryo by'ibimera. Ku icuruzwa ry'ingurube ryinshi aho ibiryo bingana na bibiri bya gatatu by'ikiguzi cyose cy'umusaruro, izi nyungu nke ziyongeraho byinshi.

2. Iyubahirizwa ry'isuku y'ibiryo by'umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'uburayi rishingiye ku bikoresho.Kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa mu gukurikirana no gukumira ubwandu nk'uko biteganywa na EC 183/2005, bisaba imashini zakozwe mu buryo bw'isuku kuva mu ntangiriro - ahantu hahurira ibyuma bidashonga, kugenzura umwuka ufunganye, no kwandika amakuru. Gushyira ibikoresho bya kera mu buryo bumwe kugira ngo bigere ku rwego rumwe rw'amategeko akenshi bihenze cyane ugereranije no kubisimbura.

3. Ubufasha mu bya tekiniki butandukanya abatanga serivisi.Isesengura rya Hongyang ry’ikigereranyo cyo gukandagira mbere yo kugurisha n’inama y’uburyo bwo gukaranga ingano y’ibinyampeke - aho kuba imiterere imwe ijyanye na byose - byavuzwe n’umukiriya nk’ikintu cy’ingenzi mu gufata icyemezo cyo kugura. Ku bahinzi b’ibiryo bakora ibinyampeke bivangwa n’uturere, uru rwego rw’ubuhanga mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rufunga icyuho kiri hagati y’ibipimo by’ibikoresho bisanzwe n’ibisabwa mu musaruro nyawo.

*Amakuru aturuka ku mibare: Imibare y’amatungo ya Eurostat (Ukuboza 2024); Raporo y’umwaka ya FirstFarms 2025; Amabwiriza (EC) No 183/2005 y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Burayi n’Inama Njyanama; Inyandiko ya Defra OVS yo mu Bwongereza 2026/08 (23 Gashyantare 2026); Uburyo bwo gupima uburambe bwa Pellet muri Kaminuza ya Leta ya Kansas; Ibisobanuro by’ibicuruzwa bya Hongyang Feed Machinery SZLH420.*