Uburyo umuhinzi w'ibiryo by'ingurube wo muri Vietnam yashoboye kuvugurura ubuziranenge akoresheje uburyo bwa Hongyang bwo gusya no kuvanga no gusya

Incamake y'Ubuyobozi

Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025, ikigo gishinzwe kugaburira ingurube mu buryo buciriritse mu ntara ya Dong Nai, mu majyepfo ya Vietnam, cyashyizeho umurongo mushya w’umusaruro wa toni 10 ku isaha wubatswe ku ruganda rwa Hongyang Feed Machinery SFSP-series hammer mill, SLHSJ-series double-shaft paddle mixer, na SZLH (HYPM)-series ring die pellet mill. Amezi atandatu ashize, ikigo kivuga ko gifite coefficient of variation of mixing (CV) ya 5.8%, pellet durability index (PDI) ya 96.2%, hamwe no kudahindagurika kw’umusaruro muri 3% by’ubushobozi busanzwe. Iyi nkuru isuzuma uburyo guhitamo ibikoresho no guhuza ibikorwa byakemuye ibibazo by’ubuziranenge bw’umusaruro bimaze igihe kirekire.

Ibikubiye mu nganda: Vietnam Yagutse Isoko ry'Ibiryo by'Ingurube

Umusaruro w’ibiryo by’amatungo mu nganda zo muri Vietnam wageze kuri toni miliyoni 21.5 mu 2024, wiyongereyeho 3.4% ugereranyije n’umwaka. Ibiryo by’ingurube byagize 55.3% by’ibi byose hamwe, bigera kuri toni miliyoni 11.9, bituma biba igice kinini mu nganda zitunganya ibiryo by’amatungo mu gihugu. Umusaruro w’ingurube wazamutse ugera kuri toni miliyoni 5.16, wiyongereyeho 6.6% ugereranije n’umwaka wa 2023, bitewe n’ibigo binini bihuza amatungo n’abakora ibicuruzwa bigenga bakura ingano y’amatungo.

Uku kwiyongera kw’ibiryo by’amatungo byongereye imbaraga mu guhangana kw’inganda zikora ibiryo by’amatungo. Abakora ibiryo by’amatungo bahoze bapiganirwa ku giciro cyonyine ubu bahanganye n’ibyo aborozi b’ingurube basabwa kugira ngo babone ubwiza buhamye, amande make, n’uburyo intungamubiri zikwirakwizwa mu buryo bumwe, ibintu bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bipimo byo guhindura ibiryo by’amatungo (FCR) no ku nyungu.

Ikibazo cy'abakiriya

Umuhinzi wa Dong Nai, umaze imyaka irenga icumi akora, mbere yakoreshaga urusobe rw'ibikoresho rushaje rwakozwe mu mashini nyinshi zakoreshejwe. Ibibazo bitatu by'ubuziranenge byakomeje kwangiza ubucuruzi:

Kuvanga ibintu mu buryo butari bumwe. Ibizamini byo gupima umunyu byakozwe na laboratwari y’abandi mu 2024 byapimye CV ya 12.3%, birenga ibipimo bya buri gihugu cya Vietnam (TCN 10300: 2014, bishyiraho CV ntarengwa ya 10% ku biryo by’ibikomoka ku bimera) ndetse n’ibipimo byavuzwe cyane byo mu Bushinwa bya GB/T 5916-2008 (CV iri munsi cyangwa ingana na 7%). Agaciro ka CV kari hejuru kavuze ko ingurube zabonye ibipimo by’intungamubiri bidahuye, bigatuma igipimo cyo gukura kitangana mu byiciro. Inyandiko z’umuhinzi ubwe zagaragaje itandukaniro rya 6.2% mu buremere bwo kurangiza mu ngurube zagaburirwaga kuva ku bwoko bumwe.

Ingano y'utunyangingo idahindagurika. Uruganda rw'inyundo rwari rusanzweho rwatanze ingano nini y'utunyangingo (mikorometero 350 kugeza 950 ku gipimo cya mm 3.0) ku mirire y'abahinzi n'abarangije. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza buri gihe ko ingano nziza y'utunyangingo ku ngurube z'abahinzi iri hagati ya mikorometero 500 na 600, aho kugabanuka kw'intungamubiri bigabanya igogorwa. Uruganda rw'inyundo n'udukingirizo byakoreshejwe byatanze amande menshi ari munsi ya mikorometero 250, ibyo bikaba byaratumye ibiryo bipfa ubusa kandi bigatera ibyago byo kurwara ibisebe mu gifu ku ngurube z'inyongera.

Ihindagurika ry’uburambe bw’ibitoki. Ibipimo bya PDI byahindutse hagati ya 84% na 91% mu byiciro by’umusaruro. PDI nke yahinduwe mu gutanga amande mu gihe cyo gutwara no kugaburira, bigabanya uburyo ibiryo birya kandi bikongera ikiguzi cy’ibiryo kuri kilo kimwe cy’ubwiyongere bw’ibiro bizima.

Guhitamo ibikoresho n'impamvu za tekiniki

Umuhinzi yasuzumye ibikoresho by’abatanga ibikoresho batatu: umwe w’i Burayi, undi w’Umuhinde, n’imashini zo kugaburira za Hongyang zo muri Liyang, mu Bushinwa. Nyuma yo gusura uruganda rwa Hongyang muri Mata 2024 no kugenzura abakiriya babiri bari basanzwe muri Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Uburasirazuba, umuhinzi yahisemo uburyo bwa Hongyang buhuriweho.

Igenamiterere ryatoranijwe:

Uruganda rwa SFSP rukora inyundo rwakozwe rufite ecran ya mm 3.0 n'inyundo zikozwe muri tungsten-carbide, rugamije ingano y'ibice by'ubugari (dgw) ya mikorometero 550 kugeza kuri 600 hamwe n'ubugari busanzwe bwo kunyuranamo (sgw) buri munsi ya 2.0 cyangwa bungana na byo. SLHSJ double-shaft paddle mixer yatoranijwe kubera imikorere yayo ya CV: protocole yo gupima kwemerwa n'uruganda rwa Hongyang isaba CV iri munsi ya 5% cyangwa ingana na byo ku bipimo byo gupima umunyu ku bushobozi bwose, ibi bikaba byemejwe n'itsinda ry'abahanga mu bya tekiniki mu gihe cyo gutanga serivisi.

Amakuru y'umusaruro: Isuzuma ry'imikorere ry'amezi atandatu

Nyuma y'amezi atandatu y'imikorere idahwema (Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Kamena 2025), laboratwari yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'umuhinzi yanditse ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bikurikira:

Iterambere rikomeye mu bucuruzi ryari mu kuvanga ingano imwe. Kuri CV 5.8%, umuhinzi ubu akora neza mu kigero cya 7% cyashyizweho na GB/T 5916-2008. Ingero z'ibiryo byafatiwe aho bashyiraga ibiryo mu masanduku zigaragaza ko intungamubiri zikwirakwira mu buryo bumwe, kandi igerageza ry'ubuhinzi bw'umuhinzi ubwe, ryakorewe ku ngurube 120 z'abahinzi mu minsi 45, ryagaragaje ko inyungu rusange yazamutseho 4.7% ndetse n'igabanuka rya FCR ryagabanutseho 3.2% ugereranije n'ingurube zagaburiwe umusaruro mbere yo kuvugurura.

Ubudahangarwa bw'ibice by'ibimera byarushijeho kwiyongera bitewe ahanini n'ibintu bibiri. Icya mbere, ingano ihoraho y'ibice by'ibimera bya SFSP byatumye umwuka winjira mu buryo bumwe mu gihe cyo gukonjesha. Icya kabiri, igipimo cya SZLH（HYPM) 508 ring die-compression ratio cyapimwe by'umwihariko ku buryo bwo gukora ibiryo by'ibigori na soya nyuma y'uko abahanga mu bya tekiniki bo muri Hongyang basesenguye ingero z'ibikoresho fatizo muri laboratwari yabo. Igipimo cyakozwe neza cyo gukonjesha hagati ya 1 na 10, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 85 ku bushyuhe bwa 16.5%, cyatanze ibice by'ibimera bidashobora koherezwa no gupfunyika mu buryo bunyuranyije n'umwuka kandi byangiritse cyane.

Igipimo cya serivisi

Amasezerano yari arimo igihe cy'iminsi 10 cyo gutangira gukora, aho injeniyeri ebyiri za serivisi zo muri Hongyang zakoranye n'itsinda ry'abakora imirimo yo gusana. Bapimye icyuho cy'icyuma gisya inyundo (cyashyizwe kuri mm 6.5 nyuma yo gupima ingano y'icyuho kuva kuri mm 4.0 kugeza kuri 8.0), urwego rworoshye rwo gusya inyundo kugeza kuri 72% by'ingano y'icyumba (bikongera imikorere ya CV), kandi bahindura icyuho cy'icyuma gisya inyundo kugeza kuri mm 0.15.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi: ubwo umucuruzi w’ibikoresho fatizo yahinduraga ubwoko bw’ibigori bikomeye muri Werurwe 2025, umusaruro wa SFSP wo mu ruganda rw’inyundo wagabanutseho 8 by’agateganyo. Itsinda rya Hongyang nyuma yo kugurisha ryasubije mu masaha 48, risaba guhindura ecran kuva kuri mm 3.0 kugera kuri mm 3.5 no kongera umuvuduko w’intsinga y’inyundo binyuze mu guhindura igipimo cya pulley ya V-belt. Umubare w’ubushobozi bwo gukoresha wagarutse ku gipimo mu munsi umwe, kandi ingano y’ibice byayo yagumye mu buryo bugenwe.

Umwanzuro

Urugero rwa Dong Nai rugaragaza uburyo bugenda burushaho kugaragara mu nganda zitunganya ibiryo bya Vietnam: abakora ibiryo byo mu rwego rwo hagati bashora imari mu buryo bwubatswe kandi buhujwe kugira ngo bahangane n’abahuza banini ku bwiza aho guhangana n’ingano. Uburyo bwo gusya no kuvanga no gusya bwa Hongyang ntibwakemuye ikibazo kimwe cyabwo ahubwo bwakemuye ikibazo cy’uruhererekane rw’ingano y’uduce, ubunini bw’ibiryo bivanze, no kuramba kw’uduce duto, ibyo bikaba bigena ubwiza bw’ibiryo bya nyuma.

Kubera ko umusaruro uhoraho uri hagati ya toni 9.7 na 10.3 ku isaha, uvanga ubwiza bwa CV 5.8%, na PDI ihora iri hejuru ya 96%, umuhinzi ubu atanga ibiryo ku matungo y’ingurube arenga 50 yashyizweho umukono hirya no hino mu ntara za Dong Nai na Binh Duong. Umuyobozi ushinzwe tekiniki w’umuhinzi yavuze ko umusaruro w’agaciro kanini atari igipimo kimwe gusa ahubwo ari uko byari biteganyijwe: Ubu tuzi neza ubwiza abakiriya bacu bazahabwa, icyiciro ku kindi.

Inkomoko y'amakuru: Ibiro Rusange by'Ibarurishamibare bya Vietnam na Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi n'Iterambere ry'Icyaro (raporo y'umwaka wa 2024); TCVN 10300: Igipimo ngenderwaho cya 2014 cy'ibiryo bya Vietnam; GB/T 5916-2008 Igipimo ngenderwaho cyo kuvanga ibiryo by'Abashinwa; raporo za laboratwari za QC z'umuhinzi (Kuva Mutarama kugeza Kamena 2025).