Ivugurura ry'uruganda rwa Ring Die Pellet Mill ryahinduye umusaruro w'ibiryo by'inka zo muri Zimbabwe | Liyang Hongyang

Incamake y'Ubuyobozi

Mu isoko ry’inka z’inka rihanganye aho ibiryo by’inka bibarirwa hafi70% by'ikiguzi cyose cy'umusaruro, ubwiza bwa pellet si ubuhanga bwa tekiniki — ni ihinduka rigena inyungu. Ubwo ikigo cy’ubucuruzi cy’inkoko zo mu ntara ya Mashonaland y’Iburasirazuba, muri Zimbabwe, cyasangaga uruganda rwacyo rw’inkoko rumaze imyaka icumi rukora pellets zisenyuka kandi zifite ivumbi, ibyo bikaba byarabangamiraga imikorere y’umukumbi no kongera amashanyarazi, ubuyobozi bw’ikigo bwafashe ingamba zikomeye: gusimbuza ibikoresho bishaje uruganda rugezweho rw’inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa pellets.Liyang Hongyang Kugaburira Imashini Co, Ltd.Ibisubizo byariIterambere rya 12 ku ijanamuri Pellet Durability Index (PDI), igabanuka ripimirwa mu gipimo cyo guhindura ibiribwa (FCR), hamwe n'igabanuka ry'ibipimoIgabanuka rya 13% mu ikoreshwa ry'ingufukuri toni y'ibiryo bitangwa. Iyi nyigo isuzuma imiterere ya tekiniki n'ubukungu by'ibiryo bishya.

Imiterere y'ibiryo by'inkoko zo muri Zimbabwe

Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’amakuru aturuka kuri USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, urwego rw’inkoko muri Zimbabwe rwungutse toni 65.000 z’inyama z’inkoko mu 2022, aho umusaruro w’inkoko ari wo wiganjemo. Ibiryo by’inkoko birenga 70% by’ibiribwa byose by’inganda bikoreshwa mu gihugu. Ishyirahamwe ry’Inkoko muri Zimbabwe ryanditse impinduka mu miterere kuva mu buhinzi bw’ibiraro bijya mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi bikomeye. Iri hinduka rituma habaho ubwiza bw’ibiryo by’inkoko: mu buryo bwo kugaburira inkoko mu buryo bwikora ubu busanzwe mu mazu y’inkoko zo muri Zimbabwe, inkoko zigomba kwihanganira gutwara inyama z’inkoko zidasenyuka. Ingano - uduce tw’umukungugu duturuka ku kwangirika kw’inkoko - bituma inyoni zitoragura ibice binini mu buryo bwihariye, bigatera gutandukana kw’intungamubiri, gutakaza ibiryo byiyongera, no gushya ubwoba bitewe n’umukungugu wo mu kirere.

Ku isambu ya Mashonaland East, ikibazo cyari cyaragaragaye. Uruganda rwayo rushaje rw’inganda zikora udukoko two mu bwoko bwa “flat die pellet”, rwaguzwe mbere kugira ngo rukoreshwe mu buhinzi buciriritse, rwari rugoranye gutanga udukoko dukwiriye ubushobozi bw’inkoko 80.000. Ibizamini bya PDI byakozwe ku bufatanye na laboratwari y’ibiryo by’amatungo yo mu karere byagaragaje ko impuzandengo ya 82% - iri munsi cyane ya 90% by’ingano ifatwa nk’aho ari yo ntoya mu mirimo yo korora inyama z’inkoko mu bucuruzi. Amande ya buri gihe yarengaga 12% mu mifuka y’ibiryo by’inkoko irangiye.

“Gusesagura ibiryo by’amatungo byagaragaraga buri munsi,” umuyobozi w’umuhinzi w’ubuhinzi yavuze nyuma. “Washoboraga gukata amande ku nzu zose. Ayo ni yo mafunguro wamaze kwishyura, akazapfa ubusa.”

Agakoresho ka tekiniki k'ikoranabuhanga rya Ring Die

Imbogamizi nyamukuru y’uruganda rukora pellets zikozwe mu buryo bwa "flat die pellet mills" iri mu miterere yarwo ya "mechanical". Muri "flat die", utwuma duzunguruka ku gice cy’uruganda rukora pellets kitambitse; aho rukandagira hagarukira ku gice cy’uruganda rukora pellets, kandi ikwirakwizwa ry’ibikoresho ntiringana. Uko utwuma dusaza - byanze bikunze bitewe n’ibiryo by’ibigori byo muri Zimbabwe - imiterere ya pellets irushaho kwangirika vuba.

Imashini zikora pellet zikemura izi mbogamizi binyuze mu buryo butandukanye cyane. Muri serivise ya Liyang Hongyang ya SZLH, impeta izunguruka ku migozi ihagaze cyangwa ihindagurika ku murongo uhagaze. Ibikoresho bishyirwa mu gice kiri hagati y’umugozi n’umugozi hanyuma bigashyirwa hanze binyuze mu mwobo w’umugozi munsi y’igitutu kimwe. Agace gakomeye gakandagiramo ni kanini cyane kuri buri kuzunguruka, kandi imbaraga za centrifugal zifasha gukwirakwiza ibikoresho, bigatuma ubucucike bw’umugozi buhoraho ku buso bwose bw’umugozi.

Igipimo	Uruganda rwa kera rw'imodoka itembera mu muhanda	Impeta ya Hongyang SZLH
Igipimo cy'ubudahangarwa bw'ibinure (PDI)	82%	94%
Amande mu byo kurya byarangiye	>12%	<5%
Ingufu zikoreshwa (kWh/toni)	~22	~19.1
Umusaruro uva mu gupima (TPH)	1.2	4.0

Iyi mibare ijyanye n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inganda. Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse muriIvugurura ry'ikoranabuhanga rya Feed(2023) na porogaramu zo gupima za ASABE Standard S269.4 zemeza ko imiterere y’ingufu zikoreshwa mu gupima impeta isanzwe irusha imikorere y’ingufu zisanzwe ku kigero cya 10–15% mu gukoresha ingufu neza na 8–15% muri PDI ku ikoreshwa ry’ibiryo by’inkoko.

Uburyo bwa Liyang Hongyang

Igitandukanya ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Liyang Hongyang ni uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bw’ikigo. Utwuma twa SZLH dukozwe mu mpeta z’icyuma zakozwe na CNC hamwe n’udupira twakozwe neza, bigatunganywa ku buryo bunoze bugabanya guhinda no kongera igihe cyo gukora. Utwuma twa stainless steel conditioner duhuza ibyuma bituma umwuka winjira neza kandi bigatera gelatinization - intambwe y’ingenzi ku mirire y’inka zikomoka kuri sitashi aho guteka neza bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mifatanire y’utundi dupira no kuboneka kw’intungamubiri.

Mbere yo kohereza uruganda rwa SZLH508 muri Zimbabwe, itsinda rya tekiniki rya Hongyang ryakoze isuzuma ry’imiterere y’umuyoboro w’ibiryo by’ubuhinzi, ibisobanuro by’amashanyarazi, n’imiterere y’ibikoresho fatizo. Ibi byatumye habaho imiterere y’uruganda mbere yo gushyiraho ingano y’umwobo w’ibishyimbo (umurambararo wa mm 4.0, igipimo cyo gukandagira neza ku bahinzi b’inka z’ibigori na soya) hamwe n’ibipimo by’imodoka bihuye n’umuyoboro wa 50Hz wo muri Zimbabwe. Gushyiraho byarangiye mu minsi itanu. Injeniyeri wa Hongyang yakomeje kuba aho kugira ngo atange amahugurwa yo gukoresha no gukoresha, akurikirana igenzura rya buri gihe ry’ibishyimbo, guhindura icyuho cy’imizingo, no kunoza ubushyuhe bw’ikirere - ubumenyi ngiro itsinda rishinzwe kubungabunga ubuhinzi ritari ryarabona mu kugura ibikoresho mbere.

Ibisubizo bipimirwa

Nyuma y'amezi atandatu atangiye gukoreshwa, ubwo buhinzi bwakoze isuzuma ryimbitse ry'imikorere. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byakozwe kandi byemezwa ku giti cyabwo:

Ingaruka z'ingamba ku bahinzi b'ibiribwa bo muri Afurika

Uru rubanza rwa Zimbabwe rugaragaza ko hari icyerekezo cyagutse mu bucuruzi bw’ibiryo by’amatungo muri Afurika. USDA na FAO byombi byagaragaje ko ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bw’ibiryo by’amatungo biciriritse muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara birimo kuva ku bikoresho byo ku rwego rwo hejuru bijya ku by’inganda mu gihe birushaho kongera umusaruro kandi bigahura n’ibiciro by’ibikoresho byiyongera. Kuvugurura uruganda rw’ibiryo by’amatungo - inkingi y’umusaruro uwo ari wo wose w’ibiryo by’amatungo - akenshi bitanga inyungu nyinshi ku ishoramari mu buryo bushoboka bwo kongera umusaruro.

Ku ruhande rwa Liyang Hongyang, ikigo cya Zimbabwe cyashimangiye umuhigo w’ikigo wo gushyigikira abakiriya nyuma y’igurishwa rya mbere. Nyuma ubwo ikigo cyasabaga ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya ibiryo ku buryo bushya bwo kugaburira, itsinda rya tekiniki rya Hongyang ryasubije inama yo kugabanya ibipimo mu masaha 48, maze icyuma gisimbura icyuma gishyikirizwa i Harare mu byumweru bitatu.

Iyi si inkuru yo gusimbuza ibikoresho gusa. Ni urugero rw'ibibaho iyo uruganda rukora ibiribwa rufatanyije n'uruganda rutanga serivisi rufata imikorere y'imashini nk'umubano uhoraho w'ubuhanga aho kuba igikorwa cy'inshuro imwe gusa. Mu isoko aho buri ngano ya FCR ihinduka ibihumbi by'amadolari abitswe, iryo tandukaniro ni ingenzi.

SZLH508 imaze amasaha arenga 2.000 ikora muri icyo kigo cyo muri Zimbabwe. Ubwiza bwa pellet buracyari bumwe, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ryakomeje, kandi ubuhinzi bwatangiye gutegura umurongo wa kabiri w'ikoreshwa - hamwe n'ibikoresho bya Liyang Hongyang byavuzwe kuva ku ntangiriro.

Inkomoko y'amakuru:Raporo ya USDA y’Ingano y’Ubuhinzi bw’Amahanga (Imyaka y’Ubworozi bw’Inkoko n’Ibicuruzwa bya Zimbabwe, 2023); ASABE Standard S269.4 (Isuzuma ry’Uburambe bw’Ibikomoka ku Bimera); Feed International / WATT Global Media (Ubuziranenge bw’Ibimera n’Ubushakashatsi bwa FCR); Amakuru ku isoko ry’Ishyirahamwe ry’Inkoko za Zimbabwe.