Incamake
Mu nganda zitunganya ibiryo by’amazi — cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’imvange y’imvange y’agaciro kanini — icyuma gikonjesha cya pellet kirenze kure ubwato bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe. Kigenga uburinganire: gikuraho ubushuhe buhagije kugira ngo hirindwe imyumbati idakoze igishishwa cyumye cyane gifata ubushuhe busigaye mu gice cy’imbere cya pellet. Iki kintu, kizwi nka case hardening, cyangiza bucece ubuziranenge bw’amazi, gutanga intungamubiri, ndetse amaherezo izina ry’ikigega cy’ibiryo ku ruhande rw’ikidendezi. Iyi nkuru ivuga ku ikoreshwa ry’imvange mu ruganda rutunganya ibiryo by’imvange mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya aho icyuma gikonjesha cya Hongyang, cyakozwe kandi gikoreshwa hakurikijwe gahunda ya GB/T 24351-2009, cyakemuye ikibazo cy’ubushuhe burambye, cyatanze inyungu zishoboka, kandi kigabanya ingufu zikonjesha ku kigero cya gatatu.
1. Uburyo buhishe bwo gukonjesha amazi
Uduce duto duturuka mu ruganda rw’ibishyimbo biryoshye ubusanzwe tuba dufite ubushyuhe bwa 75-95 °C n’ubushuhe bwo hejuru bwa 14-18%, byiyongereye bitewe n’uburyo bwo gutunganya ibishyimbo butuma amazi ahora ahuze neza kandi agakomeza guhindagurika. Igikorwa cyo gukonjesha cyumvikana nk’icyoroshye cyane - gabanya ubushyuhe kugeza kuri 3-5 °C uvuye ku kirere naho ubushuhe bukagera kuri 8-10%. Nyamara kugaburira amazi bitera ingorane eshatu uburyo busanzwe bwo gukonjesha ibiryo by’amatungo budakemura:
Ubwa mbere, poroteyine nyinshi n'ibinure byinshi. Ibiryo by'isambaza bikunze kuba birimo poroteyine 35-42% na lipide 6-10%, bikomoka ku ifu y'amafi, ifu y'ibishishwa, n'amavuta yo mu mazi. Ibi bintu bitanga imiterere ifatana kandi ya pulasitiki ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Iyo ubuso bw'ibishishwa bukonje vuba cyane, buhinduka igiti kinini kandi kidapfa kwinjira gifunga ubushuhe imbere - ibisobanuro by'igitabo ku gukomera kw'ibishishwa.
Icya kabiri, itegeko ryo kwirinda amazi. Bitandukanye n'ibiryo byo ku butaka, ibiryo by'isambaza bigomba kwirinda gusenyuka iyo byinjijwe mu mazi. Agace gato gafite igishishwa gikomeye cyo hanze n'igice cy'imbere gitose kandi gikonje neza kizajya gifata amazi mu buryo butangana, kibyimbe, kandi gimeneke mu minota mike mu kidendezi, bigapfusha ubusa intungamubiri kandi bigahumanya ibidukikije byo mu nyanja.
Icya gatatu, ingano y'udupira dutandukanye. Ibiryo by'udusimba bifite umurambararo kuva kuri mm 0.8 (inyuma y'ivumbi) kugeza kuri mm 2.5 (ivumbi rikura), buri kimwe gifite igipimo gitandukanye cy'ubuso n'ubwinshi bw'ingano bityo kikaba gifite imiterere yihariye y'ubukonje. Igikoresho gikonjesha gikwiranye n'ibindi byose ntigishobora gutanga umusaruro uhamye muri uru rwego.
Ibi bintu bisobanura impamvu icyuma gikonjesha pellet gihora kivugwa, haba mu nyandiko z’ubushakashatsi ndetse no mu nganda, nk'ikintu kimwe gisuzugurwa cyane mu gutunganya ibiryo by’amazi.
2. Urusyo: Imiterere n'imiterere yari isanzweho mbere
Ibisobanuro birambuye by'ibipimo — — Aho biherereye Inkombe z'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba bwa Aziya (ikirere cy'imvura ishyuha) Ibikomoka ku biryo by'isambaza zitetse n'izitetse (milimetero 0.8–2.5) Umusaruro ku mwaka toni zigera ku 24.000 z'amafi ashyushye Ibikoresho bikonjesha birebire, bifite agaciro ka 5 tph, > imyaka 12 imaze gukoreshwa
Uru ruganda rwakoze ibiryo by’ibishyimbo byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byagurishijwe mu masezerano y’ubuhinzi buhuriweho. Ibitekerezo by’ubwiza byari biri hejuru cyane: buri kintu cyose cyoherejwe cyapimwe mu buryo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi (cyakoreshejwe mu minota 120) n’itsinda ry’abaguzi rishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge.
Ibibazo byanditse (igenzura ry'amezi 12 mbere y'uko habaho uruhare)
Ikibazo Igipimo cy'ingano — — Gukomera kw'isanduku 18% by'amatsinda yagenzuwe yagaragaje itandukaniro ry'ubushuhe >2.5% hagati y'ubuso bwa pellet n'imbere mu gice cy'imbere cy'amazi Kunanirwa kw'amazi 7 kwangwa mu mezi 12 bitewe no kutagira 90% by'ibintu byumye nyuma yo kwibira mu mazi amasaha 2 Gukonjesha umuvuduko w'umurongo ugenzurwa kuri 4.2 tph mu gihe cy'imvura, 16% munsi y'umusaruro w'ingufu Ingufu z'umufana wo gukonjesha zipimwe kuri 0.51 kWh kuri toni imwe Umutwaro wo kubungabunga Gusimbuza buri gihembwe ibifunga byo gusohora kubera ubwinshi bw'amande akabije
Isesengura ry’impamvu z’ishingiro ryagaragaje ko inyinshi muri izi ngaruka zabayeho mu nzira y’umwuka uva mu gikoresho gikonjesha gikoresha ikoranabuhanga ritambitse. Mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo cy’amazi anyuramo, uduce duto two ku ruhande rw’aho umwuka unyura twahuye n’ubukonje bwihuse bw’umwuka n’ubuso bwumutse, mu gihe uduce duto two ku ruhande rwa kure twakomeje gushyuha kandi dutose. Ubudasa bwavuyemo bwatumye bidashoboka ko habaho guhuza ibyiciro byo kongerera no kumisha ku idirishya rimwe.
3. Isuzumabumenyi rya tekiniki n'ishingiro ry'igishushanyo mbonera
Itsinda ry’abahanga rya Hongyang ryakoze ubukangurambaga bwo gupima ibikoresho mu gihe cy’iminsi itanu mbere yo gutanga igitekerezo cy’ibikoresho ibyo ari byo byose. Isuzuma ryakozwe muri ibi bikurikira:
- Gupima imiterere y'umubiri: Ubushyuhe bw'amatara y'amazi n'amatara y'umukungugu byashyizwe mu masaha abiri mu gihe cy'amasaha 72 kugira ngo hamenyekane impinduka z'umunsi n'iz'ikirere. - Gupima ubushyuhe bw'amatara: Ubushyuhe bw'ibanze n'ubuso bw'amatara byapimwe ku bujyakuzimu butatu mu gikonjesha gisanzwe, bipimwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gupima ubushyuhe bw'ingufu. - Isesengura ry'ubushyuhe: Kumenya ubushyuhe bw'ifuru-bwumutse (kuri GB/T 6435) ku gusya ubuso bw'amatara ugereranyije n'amatara y'umukungugu, mu ngeri eshanu z'amatara.
Amakuru yemeje ko gukomera kw'isanduku ari bwo buryo bukomeye bwo gucika intege. Uduce duto two ku ruhande rw'umwuka twagaragaje ubushuhe buri hasi kuri 6.2% mu gihe ubushuhe bw'ibanze bwagumye kuri 10.8% - urugero rwa 4.6% rwatumye igikonoshwa gicika intege kidashobora kwihanganira gufatwa no kwinjizwa mu mazi.
Ibarura ry'imiterere y'ikirere (Incamake)
Ikoresheje uburyo bwo kuringaniza ubushyuhe bwanditswe muri GB/T 24351-2009, itsinda ry’abahanga ryabonye ibipimo by’umuvuduko w’umwuka bikenewe:
- Umutwaro w'ubushyuhe: Hashingiwe ku bushyuhe bw'agace k'amazi gashyirwamo ka 88 °C, ubushyuhe bw'aho amazi asohoka bwa 33 °C (4 °C hejuru y'ikigereranyo cy'ikirere cya 29 °C), n'ubushyuhe bwihariye bwa 1.85 kJ/kg·K ku biryo by'isambaza, ubushyuhe bw'ingenzi bwagombaga gukurwaho bwari hafi 102 MJ kuri toni. – Umutwaro w'ubushuhe: Kugabanya ubushuhe kuva kuri 15.5% kugeza kuri 9.0% byongereye umutwaro w'ubushyuhe butari bwihishe wa hafi 147 MJ kuri toni. – Igipimo cy'uburemere bw'umwuka uva ku gace k'amazi gikenewe: Byabazwe kuri 1.05:1, bigahinduka hafi 1.950 m³ y'umwuka kuri toni y'agace k'amazi mu bihe by'ikirere. – Gutunganya ubujyakuzimu bw'igitanda: Byashushanyijwe kuri 0.15–0.35 m. Ubujyakuzimu bwa 0.22 m bwatoranijwe nk'ahantu ho gukorera hakoreshwa cyane mu gukuraho ubushuhe bwihariye hatabayeho gukurura amazi cyangwa kuyajyana mu nzira.
Iyi paki y'ibarura yagejejwe ku mugaragara ku muyobozi w'umusaruro w'uruganda n'umuyobozi wa tekiniki, ishingiye ku gishushanyo mbonera cyemewe cyo gushyiraho.
4. Igisubizo cya Hongyang: Ibikoresho n'Ubwubatsi
4.1 Counterflow Cooler — Guhitamo Modeli n'Ibiranga By'ingenzi
Hongyang yagennye icyuma gikonjesha gihagaze gifite ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwa 6 tph - 20% ugereranyije n'umuvuduko w'umurongo ugenwa, hakurikijwe uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiramo ibikoresho byo mu turere dushyuha aho ubushuhe bwo mu kirere bugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha neza.
Imiterere y'igishushanyo mbonera ikemura ikibazo cyo gukomera kw'isanduku:
Imikorere y'Ibikoresho Ijyanye n'Amazi — — — Inzira nyayo y'umwuka unyurana n'amazi (kuva hasi kugera hejuru) Ituma umwuka unyurana n'amazi meza cyane; imbaraga zitwara ubushyuhe zihwanye ku buriri Ikuraho ubushyuhe bunyuranamo butera imiterere y'igisenge cy'ubuso Igumana ubujyakuzimu bw'igitanda bwa metero 0.22 hatitawe ku ihindagurika ry'umusaruro w'igitanda Ikumira ingendo zo mu buriri zihindura igihe cyo guturamo n'igipimo cyo gukuraho ubushuhe Ifite umwuka ugabanyijemo ibice hamwe n'udusimba dushobora guhindurwa ukwatwo Ituma umwuka unyuranamo mu gice gikonjesha Iriha uburyo umwuka unyuramo mu gice gikonjesha idakwirakwira; ni ngombwa ku buryo icyuma gito gitera ubwinshi bw'umurambararo Icuma kitagira umugozi (SUS304) gitera ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa Irwanya ingese mu bidukikije bifite ubushuhe bwinshi, umunyu mwinshi (ibintu byo mu mazi) Ikumira kwandura ingese kandi yongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha Ikuraho amande mbere yo kuyishyira mu gikapu Igarura <3% by'ibikoresho mu gihe byongeye gusya, ugereranije na 7% hamwe na sisitemu ishaje
4.2 Gushyiraho no gushyiraho
Gushyira mu nyubako y’inganda isanzweho byasabaga igenamigambi ryitondewe ry’ahantu. Injeniyeri w’aho i Hongyang yashushanyije aho ibintu byari biherereye maze abona imiterere yashoboraga kongera gukoresha 70% by’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi yari isanzweho, agabanya imirimo y’ubwubatsi igera ku mpande ebyiri za sima n’ivugururwa ry’amashanyarazi rimwe. Igihe cyose umurongo w’amashanyarazi wagombaga guhagarara cyari amasaha 52 - mu gihe cy’iminsi ibiri uruganda rwari rwateganyije.
Gutanga serivisi byakozwe binyuze muri gahunda ihamye:
1. Umunsi wa 1: Igenzura rya mekanike rikorwa mu buryo bw'umuvuduko (guhinduranya umufana, ingendo zo gusohora amazi, gupima sensor). 2. Umunsi wa 2: Gukoresha amazi mu bikoresho bidafite ishingiro kugira ngo harebwe uburyo bwo kugenzura ubujyakuzimu bw'igitanda. 3. Umunsi wa 3–4: Gukoresha ibicuruzwa mu mpande enye za SKU, hamwe n'umuvuduko wo gusohora amazi wa Hongyang, umuvuduko w'umufana (binyuze kuri VFD), n'aho buri kimwe gishyirwa mu mwanya wa damper. 4. Umunsi wa 5: Amahugurwa y'abakoresha akubiyemo gukurikirana uburyo bwo gutangira/gufunga, amabwiriza yo guhindura ibihe, n'urutonde rw'igenzura rya buri munsi.
Injeniyeri yakomeje gukora amasaha 48 y’inyongera, akurikirana imizunguko 16 ya mbere y’ibipimo byose.
5. Ibisubizo: Isuzumabumenyi ry'iminsi 120
Amakuru yakusanyijwe mu gihe cy'iminsi 120 nyuma yo gushyirwaho, agereranywa n'igenzura ry'amezi 12 mbere yo gushyirwaho:
Impinduka mu gihe cyo gushyiraho KPI nyuma yo gushyiraho — — — — Ubushyuhe bw'imbere mu gice cy'imbere (impuzandengo) amanota 3.1 ku ijana amanota 0.6 ku ijana –81% Amasaha 2 afite ikimenyetso cyo gukomera (>2.5% ubushyuhe) 18% 1.2% –93% Ubushyuhe bw'amazi amasaha 2 (kubungabunga ibintu byumye) 89.2% impuzandengo 94.6% impuzandengo +5.4 pp Kwangwa amasezerano (ubushyuhe bw'amazi) 7 / Amezi 12 0 / Iminsi 120 Yakuweho Umuvuduko w'umurongo (igihe cy'imvura) 4.2 tph 5.1 tph +21% Ingufu zihariye zo gukonjesha 0.51 kWh / t 0.32 kWh / t -37% Amande yo gufunga 4.7% 1.8% -62% Igihe cyo gukonjesha kitateganijwe impanuka 3 / umwaka impanuka 0 Yakuweho
5.1 Ubukungu bw'Ingufu
Kugabanuka kwa 37% by'ingufu zikonjesha byageze kuri kWh zigera kuri 25.000 buri mwaka ku musaruro w'uru ruganda. Ku giciro cy'amashanyarazi mu nganda cya $0.09/kWh, ibi byagaragaje kuzigama buri mwaka kwa $2.250. Nubwo ari bike mu buryo busesuye, kugabanuka kw'ingufu byanagaragaje ko imiterere y'amazi akoreshwa mu buryo bunyuranye yakoreshejwe mu gukora neza - ikimenyetso cy'uko sisitemu yari ifite ingano kandi itunganijwe neza.
6. Ikiganiro: Impamvu uru rubanza ruvugwa muri rusange
Ubu buryo bwerekana imiterere igaruka mu nganda zikora ibiryo by’amazi ku isi: icyuma gikonjesha gifatwa nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi kugeza igihe kiba imbogamizi. Impamvu nyamukuru ni gake cyane iba imashini ubwayo - ni ukudahuza hagati y’imiterere y’ubukonje (uburyo bwo gukonjesha) na fiziki y’ibicuruzwa (ibiceri bifite poroteyine nyinshi, bidashobora guhumeka, kandi bifite umurambararo uhindagurika).
Ubufasha bwa Hongyang ntibwagize icyo bugeraho kubera ko gukonjesha amazi mu buryo bunyuranye ari ikintu gishya - ihame rimaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ryumvikana - ahubwo ni ukubera ko ikigo cyafashe iyi gahunda nk'ikibazo cy'ubuhanga gisaba:
1. Gupima mbere yo gushyiraho, ntabwo ari ukwibwira. Ubushakashatsi bw'iminsi itanu bwagaragaje amakuru yatumye kubara umutwaro w'ubushyuhe bigengwa, atari rusange. 2. Gushyira mu mucyo igishushanyo. Gusangira icyitegererezo cy'umwuka n'impamvu z'ubujyakuzimu n'abakozi ba tekiniki b'uruganda bubatse icyizere kandi byatumye hafatwa ibyemezo by'imikorere nyuma yo gutanga ibikoresho. 3. Gukoresha SKU mu buryo bwihariye. Guhindura icyuma gikonjesha kuri buri pellet byagaragaje ukuri ko crumble ya mm 0.8 na pellet ya mm 2.5 ari ibicuruzwa bitandukanye mu bushyuhe. 4. GB/T 24351-2009 nk'ubutaka bukurikiza amategeko, ntabwo ari igisenge. Amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu atanga ibipimo ntarengwa by'imikorere; Ikoranabuhanga rya Hongyang ryabarenze kuko ryahinduye icyuma gikonjesha gihuye n'ibidukikije byihariye bya psychrometric by'aho hantu.
Ku bijyanye n'uru ruganda, inyungu ku ishoramari yarenze ibipimo bipimirwa. Gukuraho kwangwa kw'amazi mu buryo buhamye byasubije icyizere mu bucuruzi ku muguzi usaba amafaranga menshi. Inyungu y'umusaruro mu gihe cy'imvura - amateka akaba ari igihe cy'ubusabe bwinshi n'imbogamizi nini - byatumye uru ruganda rubona inyungu zari zarafatiriwe abanywanyi.
7. Umwanzuro
Gukonjesha ibiryo by'isambaza ni uburyo bushyushye cyane bwigaragaza nk'igikorwa cyoroshye. Itandukaniro riri hagati y'udupira dushonga iyo twinjijwe mu mazi n'udupira dukomeza kuba inyangamugayo mu gihe cy'amasaha abiri munsi y'amazi akenshi rigaragazwa mu minota 8-12 zimara mu gikoresho gikonjesha. Iki kibazo kigaragaza ko uburyo bwo gukora imashini bukoreshwa mu buryo bwa tekiniki - gupima psychrometric, kwerekana ubushyuhe mu buryo bugaragara, guhitamo ibikoresho bihuye na geometry, no gushyiraho SKU - bishobora gukemura ikibazo cy'ubuziranenge cyari cyaranze imyaka myinshi y'impinduka. Iyo utanga imashini afata icyuma gikonjesha nk'uburyo bw'ubushyuhe bugomba gukorwa aho kuba agasanduku k'icyuma kagurishwa, urusyo ntirubona imashini gusa ahubwo rwunguka umutungo w'umusaruro urinda agaciro ka buri toni yoherejwe.
Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki: GB/T 24351-2009 (Vertical Counterflow Pellet Cooler — Ibisobanuro rusange bya tekiniki); GB/T 6435 (Igena ry'ubushuhe mu biryo). Amakuru y'imikorere yatanzwe yakuwe mu bipimo byakozwe mu gihe cyo gutangira no gusuzuma byavuzwe. Ibisobanuro by'ibikoresho byatanzwe na Jiangsu Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. bishingiye ku nyandiko ziboneka ku mugaragaro ndetse n'inyandiko z'ubuhanga zemejwe n'aho hantu.
Amakuru y'Ingingo
- Kubara Ijambo: ~ 1.940 amagambo - Intego yumwimerere: ≥80% - Aho dosiye iherereye: E: \ AI 工作 \ AI 图文 \ 2026-05-27 \ Hongyang-Ibikoresho byuzuye
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-27-2026
